Efficacy of preoperative autologus transfusion and normovolemic haemodilution for reduction of allogenic transfusion in hip replacement surgery

Ana-Maria Munteanu
Clinica ATI, Spitalul Clinic de Ortopedie „Foişor”, Bucureşti

Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of 400 ml preoperative autologous transfusion (PAT) with 400 ml normovolemic hemodilution (NVH) and with the combination of the two (PAT + NVH) to avoid allogenic transfusion in 200 patients submitted to total hip arthroplasty.

Method. 200 patients with Ht = 35%, ASA 1-2, randomly divided in four groups: Group 1 – controls; Group 2 – patients with 400 ml PAT; Group 3 – patients with NVH; Group 4 – patients with a combination of PAT and NVH.

Results. PAT significantly reduced the relative risk of allogenic transfusion (41%) and the number of allogenic units transfused per patient (from 1.41 to 0.57) (p < 0.01). The association PAT + NVH had the best results (reduction of the relative risk by 83% and the number of the allogenic units transfused to 0.19 U/patient) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. Application of both methods in all patients would obtain an 83% reduction of allogenic blood transfusion.

Key words: allogenic transfusion, preoperative autologus transfusion, normovolemic hemodilution, hip replacement surgery